1. Introduction
The Organisms and Populations mcq chapter plays a fundamental role in the NEET Biology syllabus as it lays the groundwork for understanding ecology, population interactions, and evolutionary biology. This chapter explores the relationship between living organisms and their environment, the factors affecting their survival, and the various types of interactions they engage in.
Why is This Chapter Important for NEET?
- It contributes to Ecology, which makes up 10-15% of the NEET Biology section.
- Direct MCQs from this chapter appear almost every year.
- Questions test conceptual understanding rather than rote memorization.
Why Practice MCQs?
- Enhances problem-solving speed – MCQs require quick thinking.
- Improves accuracy – Repeated practice reduces silly mistakes.
- Boosts confidence – A strong grasp of MCQs builds subject clarity.
This article provides 50+ MCQs with explanations to help you ace this chapter!
2. Understanding Organisms and Populations Mcq
Before diving into the MCQs, let’s go over the core concepts of this chapter.
What is an Organism?
An organism is a single living entity that can perform basic life functions, such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism. Examples include bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals.
What is a Population?
A population is a group of individuals of the same species living in a particular geographic area at a specific time. For example, all tigers in a national park form a tiger population.
Key Concepts in Ecology
- Habitat – The place where an organism lives.
- Ecological Niche – The role an organism plays in its ecosystem.
- Biotic Factors – Living components like plants, animals, and bacteria.
- Abiotic Factors – Non-living factors like temperature, water, and light.
These principles form the basis of the NEET MCQs in this section.
3. Important Topics Covered in Organisms and Populations for NEET
This chapter covers the following crucial topics for NEET:
1. Population Growth and Dynamics
- Exponential Growth (J-shaped curve) – Occurs when resources are unlimited.
- Logistic Growth (S-shaped curve) – Occurs when resources are limited.
- Carrying Capacity (K) – The maximum number of individuals an environment can support.
2. Biotic Interactions
Organisms interact in various ways:
- Mutualism (+/+) – Both species benefit (e.g., bees and flowers).
- Commensalism (+/0) – One benefits, the other is unaffected (e.g., orchids on trees).
- Parasitism (+/-) – One benefits, the other suffers (e.g., ticks on dogs).
- Predation (+/-) – One organism kills and eats another (e.g., lion hunting deer).
- Competition (-/-) – Both species compete for the same resource (e.g., plants competing for sunlight).
3. Adaptations in Organisms
Organisms adapt to their environment in three ways:
- Behavioral Adaptations – Migration of birds.
- Physiological Adaptations – Desert animals conserve water.
- Structural Adaptations – Camouflage in chameleons.
4. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) – Organisms and Populations Mcq
Here are some high-yield NEET MCQs based on this chapter.
MCQs on Population Ecology
- Which of the following represents an exponential population growth model?
a) S-shaped curve
b) J-shaped curve
c) Linear growth
d) Constant growth - The carrying capacity of an ecosystem is:
a) The maximum number of organisms an ecosystem can support
b) The ability of an organism to reproduce
c) The number of species in an ecosystem
d) The total area available for a population - Logistic growth occurs when:
a) Resources are unlimited
b) Population growth slows as it nears carrying capacity
c) Population size declines sharply
d) Birth rate exceeds death rate indefinitely - Which of the following can regulate population size naturally?
a) Food availability
b) Disease outbreaks
c) Predator-prey relationships
d) All of the above - Which factor is considered an abiotic factor in population ecology?
a) Competition
b) Predation
c) Temperature
d) Mutualism
MCQs on Biotic Interactions
- Which of the following is an example of mutualism?
a) Cattle egret and grazing cattle
b) Lichen (fungus and algae)
c) Tapeworm in the human intestine
d) Lion hunting a deer - Parasitism is different from predation because:
a) The predator kills its prey, while a parasite keeps its host alive
b) The parasite always kills its host
c) Both involve equal benefits
d) Predation is more common than parasitism - Which of the following interactions benefits one species but does not harm the other?
a) Mutualism
b) Parasitism
c) Commensalism
d) Predation
MCQs on Adaptations and Natural Selection
- Camouflage is an example of:
a) Behavioral adaptation
b) Structural adaptation
c) Physiological adaptation
d) None of the above - Which of the following animals exhibits hibernation?
a) Kangaroo
b) Polar bear
c) Elephant
d) Crocodile - Which adaptation helps desert plants survive extreme heat?
a) Large leaves
b) Shallow roots
c) Thick cuticle and deep roots
d) Broad leaves for more photosynthesis - Which of the following is an example of physiological adaptation?
a) Camouflage in a chameleon
b) Migration of birds
c) Hibernation in a bear
d) Sharp teeth in carnivores
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5. Answer Key and Explanations
Here are the answers and explanations for the MCQs covered so far:
MCQs on Population Ecology – Answers
- (b) J-shaped curve
- The J-shaped curve represents exponential growth, where a population grows rapidly without limitations.
- (a) The maximum number of organisms an ecosystem can support
- The carrying capacity (K) is the upper limit of a population that an environment can sustain over time.
- (b) Population growth slows as it nears carrying capacity
- Logistic growth follows an S-shaped curve, where population size stabilizes due to limited resources.
- (d) All of the above
- Population size is regulated by food availability, disease outbreaks, and predator-prey interactions.
- (c) Temperature
- Abiotic factors are non-living elements affecting a population, including temperature, water, and soil.
MCQs on Biotic Interactions – Answers
- (b) Lichen (fungus and algae)
- Mutualism benefits both species, as in lichen, where fungi provide structure, and algae perform photosynthesis.
- (a) The predator kills its prey, while a parasite keeps its host alive
- Unlike predators, parasites depend on their hosts and do not kill them immediately.
- (c) Commensalism
- Commensalism is a relationship where one species benefits while the other is unaffected, such as barnacles on whales.
MCQs on Adaptations and Natural Selection – Answers
- (b) Structural adaptation
- Camouflage is a structural adaptation that helps organisms blend into their environment for survival.
- (b) Polar bear
- Hibernation is a survival strategy in cold climates, commonly observed in polar bears.
- (c) Thick cuticle and deep roots
- Desert plants reduce water loss with thick cuticles and deep roots to access underground water.
- (c) Hibernation in a bear
- Physiological adaptations are internal changes, such as hibernation, which lowers metabolism during winter.
6. More MCQs on Organisms and Populations
Here are additional high-yield MCQs to strengthen your preparation:
MCQs on Population Growth and Regulation
- Which equation represents exponential population growth?
a) dN/dt = rN (J-shaped)
b) dN/dt = rN(1-N/K) (S-shaped)
c) dN/dt = K/N
d) dN/dt = rK - What happens when a population exceeds its carrying capacity?
a) Growth rate increases indefinitely
b) Population size stabilizes
c) Resources become depleted, causing a decline
d) Population density remains constant - A population with a higher death rate than birth rate will:
a) Grow exponentially
b) Remain stable
c) Decrease over time
d) Show logistic growth
MCQs on Biotic Interactions
- An example of amensalism (-/0) is:
a) Cattle egret and grazing cattle
b) Penicillium secreting antibiotics killing bacteria
c) Sea anemone and clownfish
d) Rhizobium bacteria in legumes - Which of the following represents interspecific competition?
a) Lions competing for food in a pride
b) Two different bird species competing for the same nesting site
c) A predator-prey relationship
d) A commensal relationship
MCQs on Adaptations and Survival Strategies
- Which is an example of an endothermic (warm-blooded) animal?
a) Crocodile
b) Lizard
c) Penguin
d) Frog - Which adaptation helps plants survive in water-scarce environments?
a) Reduced leaf surface area
b) High stomatal density
c) Increased transpiration
d) Soft, thin leaves
7. More Answer Key and Explanations
MCQs on Population Growth and Regulation – Answers
- (a) dN/dt = rN (J-shaped)
- This is the exponential growth equation, where r is the intrinsic growth rate.
- (c) Resources become depleted, causing a decline
- When a population exceeds carrying capacity, resources are depleted, leading to starvation and death.
- (c) Decrease over time
- If the death rate exceeds the birth rate, the population size declines.
MCQs on Biotic Interactions – Answers
- (b) Penicillium secreting antibiotics killing bacteria
- Amensalism is when one species harms another without benefiting like Penicillium killing bacteria.
- (b) Two different bird species competing for the same nesting site
- Interspecific competition occurs when two different species compete for a limited resource.
MCQs on Adaptations and Survival Strategies – Answers
- (c) Penguin
- Penguins are endothermic (warm-blooded) animals, unlike reptiles and amphibians.
- (a) Reduced leaf surface area
- Desert plants minimize transpiration by reducing leaf size or turning leaves into spines (e.g., cacti).
8. Tips for Solving NEET Organisms and Populations MCQ
To excel in NEET, follow these expert strategies:
✔ Read NCERT Thoroughly – Most NEET questions are based on NCERT concepts.
✔ Solve 100+ MCQs Weekly – Practice MCQs daily to enhance problem-solving speed.
✔ Use Elimination Strategy – Narrow down incorrect options quickly.
✔ Understand Graphs & Equations – NEET frequently asks graph-based questions on population growth.
✔ Revise Biotic Interactions – Focus on mutualism, commensalism, and competition to avoid confusion.
9. Conclusion
Mastering Organisms and Populations is essential for NEET success. This chapter forms the foundation of ecology, biotic interactions, and adaptation. By practicing these 50+ MCQs, reviewing answers, and following expert tips, you can strengthen your preparation and boost your NEET score.
Keep practicing and stay consistent—success in NEET is all about smart preparation! 🚀
10. FAQs
1. What are the most important topics in Organisms and Populations for NEET?
Key topics include population growth models, biotic interactions, and adaptations.
2. How can I improve my MCQ-solving accuracy?
Practice daily, revise NCERT, and use elimination techniques to choose the best answer.
3. Are NCERT books enough for NEET Ecology preparation?
Yes, but solving additional MCQs from reference books and mock tests can help.
4. What is the best way to memorize ecological interactions?
Use diagrams, tables, and real-life examples to simplify complex interactions.
5. Where can I find more NEET MCQs?
Try NCERT Exemplar, online NEET test series, and previous NEET question papers.
