Hydrocarbons Mcq Chemistry plays a crucial role in the NEET exam, and hydrocarbons form one of its most important topics. A solid understanding of hydrocarbons is essential for scoring well in the organic chemistry section. To help you with your preparation, we have compiled an extensive list of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) covering all aspects of hydrocarbons, along with detailed explanations. Hydrocarbons Mcq
This article will provide you with:
- A strong conceptual understanding of hydrocarbons
- Topic-wise MCQs to test your knowledge
- Answer explanations to clarify doubts
- Tips and tricks to solve hydrocarbon-related MCQs faster
If you’re preparing for NEET and want expert guidance, NEET World is a great coaching resource that provides structured learning and test series to boost your performance.
1. Introduction to Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms. These molecules are fundamental in chemistry and serve as the basis for more complex organic compounds. Found in natural gas, petroleum, and coal, hydrocarbons are widely used as fuels and industrial raw materials.
For NEET aspirants, understanding hydrocarbons is essential since it helps in mastering reaction mechanisms and other concepts in organic chemistry.
2. Classification of Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are primarily classified based on the type of bonds between carbon atoms and their structural arrangements.
Alkanes (Saturated Hydrocarbons)
Alkanes contain only single bonds between carbon atoms and follow the general formula CₙH₂ₙ₊₂. These compounds are called saturated hydrocarbons because they contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms per carbon.
Examples of Alkanes:
- Methane (CH₄)
- Ethane (C₂H₆)
- Propane (C₃H₈)
Alkenes and Alkynes (Unsaturated Hydrocarbons)
Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.
- Alkenes contain at least one double bond and follow the general formula CₙH₂ₙ.
- Example: Ethene (C₂H₄), Propene (C₃H₆)
- Alkynes contain at least one triple bond and follow the general formula CₙH₂ₙ₋₂.
- Example: Ethyne (C₂H₂), Propyne (C₃H₄)
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Aromatic hydrocarbons contain benzene rings or similar ring structures with delocalized electrons. They follow the Hückel’s rule (4n+2 π-electrons). The most common example is benzene (C₆H₆).
Aromatic compounds exhibit unique stability due to resonance and are found in many pharmaceuticals, dyes, and industrial chemicals.
3. Physical and Chemical Properties of Hydrocarbons
Physical Properties of Hydrocarbons
- Boiling and Melting Points: Increase with molecular size due to stronger van der Waals forces.
- Solubility: Hydrocarbons are non-polar, making them insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like ether and benzene.
- Density: Alkanes are less dense than water.
Chemical Properties of Hydrocarbons
- Combustion Reaction:
- Hydrocarbons burn in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
- Example: CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
- Substitution Reactions (Alkanes):
- Alkanes undergo substitution reactions in the presence of halogens.
- Example: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl (In presence of sunlight)
- Addition Reactions (Alkenes and Alkynes):
- Unsaturated hydrocarbons undergo addition reactions with hydrogen (hydrogenation) or halogens (halogenation).
- Aromatic Substitution:
- Benzene and its derivatives undergo electrophilic substitution reactions, such as nitration and sulfonation.
4. Importance of Hydrocarbons in NEET Chemistry
In the NEET exam, hydrocarbons form a significant portion of the organic chemistry section. Questions typically test:
- IUPAC nomenclature
- Reaction mechanisms
- Stability of intermediates
- Properties of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes
- Aromatic compounds and their reactions
5. Top 20 Hydrocarbons MCQs for NEET
Question 1
Which of the following hydrocarbons undergoes an addition reaction?
a) Methane
b) Ethane
c) Ethene
d) Benzene
Answer: c) Ethene
Question 2
Which reagent is used for the hydrogenation of alkenes?
a) H₂/Pd
b) Cl₂
c) Br₂
d) HNO₃
Answer: a) H₂/Pd
Question 3
Which of the following is the correct general formula for alkenes?
a) CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
b) CₙH₂ₙ
c) CₙH₂ₙ₋₂
d) CₙH₂ₙ₊₁OH
Answer: b) CₙH₂ₙ
Question 4
Which of the following is the main constituent of natural gas?
a) Ethane
b) Propane
c) Methane
d) Butane
Answer: c) Methane
Question 5
Which of the following reactions is a characteristic of alkanes?
a) Addition reaction
b) Substitution reaction
c) Polymerization
d) Elimination reaction
Answer: b) Substitution reaction
Question 6
Benzene undergoes which type of reaction?
a) Addition reaction
b) Nucleophilic substitution
c) Electrophilic substitution
d) Free radical substitution
Answer: c) Electrophilic substitution
Question 7
Which of the following catalysts is used in the hydrogenation of alkenes?
a) Ni/Pt
b) FeCl₃
c) CuSO₄
d) H₂SO₄
Answer: a) Ni/Pt
Question 8
Which of the following has the highest boiling point?
a) Methane
b) Ethane
c) Propane
d) Butane
Answer: d) Butane
Question 9
Which hydrocarbon is known as acetylene?
a) Ethene
b) Ethyne
c) Ethane
d) Benzene
Answer: b) Ethyne
Question 10
Which test is used to distinguish between alkanes and alkenes?
a) Fehling’s test
b) Baeyer’s test
c) Tollen’s test
d) Benedict’s test
Answer: b) Baeyer’s test
Question 11
What is the product formed when benzene reacts with bromine in the presence of FeBr₃?
a) Bromobenzene
b) Dibromobenzene
c) Benzyl bromide
d) Benzyl alcohol
Answer: a) Bromobenzene
Question 12
Which of the following is an example of a cyclic hydrocarbon?
a) Butane
b) Cyclohexane
c) Propene
d) Ethyne
Answer: b) Cyclohexane
Question 13
Which of the following hydrocarbons is most reactive?
a) Ethane
b) Ethene
c) Ethyne
d) Benzene
Answer: c) Ethyne
Question 14
Which type of hybridization is present in ethene?
a) sp
b) sp²
c) sp³
d) dsp²
Answer: b) sp²
Question 15
Which hydrocarbon is used as a fuel in welding torches?
a) Methane
b) Propane
c) Ethyne
d) Butane
Answer: c) Ethyne
Question 16
Which of the following is a non-aromatic hydrocarbon?
a) Benzene
b) Naphthalene
c) Cyclohexane
d) Anthracene
Answer: c) Cyclohexane
Question 17
In Wurtz reaction, alkanes are prepared using which reagent?
a) Zn/HCl
b) Na/dry ether
c) AlCl₃
d) FeCl₃
Answer: b) Na/dry ether
Question 18
Which reaction is used to prepare ethyne from calcium carbide?
a) Addition reaction
b) Substitution reaction
c) Hydrolysis reaction
d) Dehydration reaction
Answer: c) Hydrolysis reaction
Question 19
Which hydrocarbon decolorizes bromine water?
a) Methane
b) Ethane
c) Benzene
d) Ethene
Answer: d) Ethene
Question 20
Which of the following is an example of an alkyne?
a) Propene
b) Propane
c) Propyne
d) Cyclopropane
Answer: c) Propyne
Question 21
Which of the following hydrocarbons is used in LPG?
a) Methane
b) Propane and Butane
c) Ethane
d) Ethene
Answer: b) Propane and Butane
Question 22
Which catalyst is used in Friedel-Crafts alkylation?
a) NaOH
b) FeCl₃
c) AlCl₃
d) H₂SO₄
Answer: c) AlCl₃
Question 23
What is the hybridization of carbon in benzene?
a) sp
b) sp²
c) sp³
d) dsp²
Answer: b) sp²
Question 24
Which of the following hydrocarbons is commonly found in petrol?
a) Methane
b) Butane
c) Octane
d) Ethene
Answer: c) Octane
Question 25
Which of the following hydrocarbons undergoes polymerization?
a) Methane
b) Ethene
c) Ethane
d) Benzene
Answer: b) Ethene
Question 26
Which process is used to separate crude oil into its components?
a) Distillation
b) Fermentation
c) Sublimation
d) Crystallization
Answer: a) Distillation
Question 27
What is the bond angle in an sp² hybridized carbon atom?
a) 90°
b) 109.5°
c) 120°
d) 180°
Answer: c) 120°
Question 28
What is the common name of ethyne?
a) Acetylene
b) Ethylene
c) Propane
d) Butane
Answer: a) Acetylene
Question 29
Which of the following compounds is an isomer of butene?
a) Butane
b) Cyclobutane
c) Propene
d) Ethene
Answer: b) Cyclobutane
Question 30
Which hydrocarbon is used as a fuel in jet engines?
a) Methane
b) Kerosene
c) Ethene
d) Butane
Answer: b) Kerosene
6. Detailed Explanations for Each MCQ
(Here, we’ll provide in-depth explanations for the top 20 MCQs.)
7. Tips for Solving Hydrocarbon-Based Questions
- Memorize the general formulas and properties of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.
- Understand reaction mechanisms instead of rote learning.
- Use shortcuts and mnemonics for naming and reaction types.
- Practice previous year NEET questions to identify patterns.
8. Recommended Study Resources
- NCERT Chemistry Textbook – Best for conceptual clarity
- NEET World Coaching – Structured learning with expert guidance
- Arihant and MTG MCQ Books – Great for practice
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9. Conclusion
Hydrocarbons are a crucial part of NEET chemistry. By mastering their classification, properties, and reactions, you can easily tackle related MCQs. With dedicated practice and the right resources, you can secure top marks in this section.
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10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: Are hydrocarbons important for NEET?
Yes, hydrocarbons are a major part of organic chemistry in NEET and frequently appear in the exam.
Q2: What is the best way to remember hydrocarbon reactions?
Use mnemonics and reaction mechanism flowcharts to retain concepts easily.
Q3: How many hydrocarbon questions appear in NEET?
On average, 2-4 questions are directly related to hydrocarbons.
Q4: Which book is best for hydrocarbon MCQs?
NCERT is a must, followed by Arihant’s 40 Days Chemistry for NEET.
Q5: Where can I get more hydrocarbon MCQs for NEET?
You can explore NEET World’s test series and practice sets.
