Thermodynamics is a crucial topic in NEET physics and chemistry. Understanding its principles can help you tackle application-based questions with confidence. In this article, we will cover key multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on thermodynamics, along with explanations to enhance your problem-solving skills.
đź“Ś Introduction to Thermodynamics for NEET
Thermodynamics deals with heat, energy, and work transfer in different systems. It plays a vital role in understanding biological, chemical, and physical processes. NEET frequently asks conceptual and numerical problems on thermodynamics, making it essential for aspirants to have a strong grasp of its principles.
đź“– Key Topics Covered in Thermodynamics MCQs
- Laws of Thermodynamics
- Internal Energy and Enthalpy
- Gibbs Free Energy and Spontaneity
- Entropy and Its Significance
- Heat Capacity and Specific Heat
- Work Done in Thermodynamic Processes
🔥 Thermodynamics MCQs for NEET Preparation
Here are some important multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to test your knowledge:
🔹 Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics MCQs
Q1. Which of the following is an example of an isolated system?
a) A cup of hot tea left open
b) A pressure cooker
c) A sealed thermos flask
d) The human body
âś… Answer: (c) A sealed thermos flask
đź“Ś Explanation: An isolated system does not exchange energy or matter with its surroundings, making a thermos flask the best example.
Q2. Which thermodynamic property depends only on the initial and final states of a system?
a) Work
b) Heat
c) Internal energy
d) Path function
âś… Answer: (c) Internal energy
đź“Ś Explanation: Internal energy is a state function and is independent of the path taken to reach that state.
Q3. The First Law of Thermodynamics is a statement of:
a) Conservation of energy
b) Entropy increase
c) Conservation of mass
d) Perpetual motion
âś… Answer: (a) Conservation of energy
đź“Ś Explanation: The first law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
🔹 Laws of Thermodynamics MCQs
Q4. The second law of thermodynamics states that:
a) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
b) The entropy of an isolated system always increases
c) Work done in a cyclic process is zero
d) The total energy of the universe remains constant
âś… Answer: (b) The entropy of an isolated system always increases
đź“Ś Explanation: The second law explains that natural processes tend toward increased disorder (entropy) over time.
Q5. What happens to the entropy of a system when ice melts into water?
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains constant
d) First decreases, then increases
âś… Answer: (a) Increases
đź“Ś Explanation: When ice melts, it becomes a more disordered liquid phase, leading to an increase in entropy.
Q6. Which law of thermodynamics defines the concept of temperature?
a) First law
b) Second law
c) Zeroth law
d) Third law
âś… Answer: (c) Zeroth law
đź“Ś Explanation: The Zeroth law states that if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are in equilibrium with each other. This establishes temperature as a measurable property.
🔹 Work and Heat Transfer MCQs
Q7. The work done in an adiabatic process depends only on:
a) Initial and final pressure
b) Path of the process
c) Change in temperature
d) Initial and final states
âś… Answer: (d) Initial and final states
đź“Ś Explanation: In an adiabatic process, no heat is exchanged, and work done is solely dependent on state changes.
Q8. In an isothermal expansion, the internal energy of the system:
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains constant
d) Becomes zero
âś… Answer: (c) Remains constant
đź“Ś Explanation: In an isothermal process, temperature remains constant, so the internal energy (which depends on temperature) does not change.
Q9. The equation q = mcΔT represents:
a) The First Law of Thermodynamics
b) Heat transfer in a system
c) Work done in an isothermal process
d) The Second Law of Thermodynamics
âś… Answer: (b) Heat transfer in a system
đź“Ś Explanation: This equation calculates heat gained or lost by a substance using mass, specific heat, and temperature change.
🔹 Gibbs Free Energy and Spontaneity MCQs
Q10. A reaction will be spontaneous if:
a) ΔG > 0
b) ΔG = 0
c) ΔG < 0
d) ΔH > 0
✅ Answer: (c) ΔG < 0
📌 Explanation: If Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is negative, the reaction occurs spontaneously.
Q11. If a process is endothermic and leads to an increase in entropy, it will be spontaneous at:
a) Low temperature
b) High temperature
c) Any temperature
d) Never spontaneous
âś… Answer: (b) High temperature
đź“Ś Explanation: According to ΔG = ΔH – TΔS, an increase in entropy (ΔS) makes ΔG negative at high temperatures, favoring spontaneity.
🔹 Advanced Thermodynamics MCQs
Q12. Which of the following best describes an isobaric process?
a) Constant volume
b) Constant pressure
c) Constant temperature
d) No heat exchange
âś… Answer: (b) Constant pressure
đź“Ś Explanation: In an isobaric process, pressure remains unchanged while other variables may vary.
Q13. The Carnot cycle is an example of:
a) A reversible process
b) An irreversible process
c) An adiabatic process
d) A spontaneous reaction
âś… Answer: (a) A reversible process
đź“Ś Explanation: The Carnot cycle consists of reversible processes, achieving maximum efficiency.
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đź“Ś Conclusion
Mastering thermodynamics is crucial for scoring well in NEET physics and chemistry. Understanding key principles such as heat transfer, entropy, and spontaneity will help in tackling both theoretical and numerical problems. Practice these MCQs regularly to strengthen your conceptual clarity.
🔎 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. What is the weightage of thermodynamics in NEET?
đź“Ś Thermodynamics carries approximately 6-8% weightage in NEET Physics and Chemistry.
Q2. What is the best strategy to solve thermodynamics MCQs?
đź“Ś Focus on understanding formulas, solving numerical problems, and revising past NEET questions.
Q3. What are the most important laws of thermodynamics for NEET?
đź“Ś The First Law (Energy Conservation) and Second Law (Entropy Increase) are the most frequently tested.
Q4. Can numerical problems be asked from thermodynamics in NEET?
đź“Ś Yes! Many MCQs require calculations, especially in work, heat transfer, and spontaneity.
Q5. Where can I find more practice questions for NEET thermodynamics?
đź“Ś You can refer to NEET World Coaching and NCERT books for comprehensive practice.
